Liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) comprise such that under normal conditions are vapors, whereas relatively moderate pressure increases without decreasing the temperature condensates these vapors. Due to the above, LPG could be transported and stored as a liquid, and while being a vapor it is available for controlling and burning as a natural gas.
Chemical composition of LPG is subject to its source of origin. Propane and butane belong to Liquefied Petroleum Gases produced at associated oil and tail gas condensate fields. The heating devices are fueled with propane and butane mixture, quality of the mixture shall comply with DSTU 4047-2001. There are domestic LPG producing plants in Ukraine, thereby LPG use is beneficial in terms of stability of supply into Ukraine’s market.
LPG key advantages are as follows:
- high heating value;
- gas mixture perfect combustion;
- no hazardous substances emerging during the combustion;
- availability in the locations that do not provide for the option of natural gas utilization;
- availability for use as a main, standby and emergency fuel.
LPG Technical and Chemical Properties
Propane | Butane | |
Chemical composition | C3H8 | С4Н10 |
Liquid phase density, kg/m3 at 0°C | 0,528 | 0,601 |
Vapor phase density, kg/m3 at 20°C | 1,872 | 2,519 |
Boiling temperature, t°C | - 42, 1 | - 0,5 |
Pouring temperature, t°C | - 187,7 | - 138,3 |
Latent heat of vaporization at 101,3 kPa kJ/kg kJ/l |
428,4 220,1 |
390,6 229,7 |
Low heating value, lower MJ/m3 lower, MJ/kg |
91,14 46,3 |
118,53 45,76 |
Useful heat outlet, kW/hour/m3 kW/hour/kg |
25,3 12,8 |
32,9 12,7 |
Octane number | 125 | 91 |